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Corneal ulcer, also called keratitis, is an inflammatory or, more seriously, infective condition of the cornea involving disruption of its epithelial layer with involvement of the corneal stroma. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a common condition in humans particularly in the tropics and in farming. [ 4 ]
[11] [14] [9] Corneal transplantation is a management option when there is severe corneal melting or perforation although one possible disadvantage is the risk of rejection. [14] Surgical treatment helps maintain the integrity of the globe, but it is usually complementary because it alone cannot influence the underlying immunological process. [7]
This classic herpetic lesion consists of a linear branching corneal ulcer (dendritic ulcer). During eye exam the defect is examined after staining with fluorescein dye. The underlying cornea has minimal inflammation. Patients with epithelial keratitis complain of foreign-body sensation, light sensitivity, redness and blurred vision.
The Corneal Ulcer Treatment Market will grow at a CAGR of 5.2% from 2024 to 2034. Market size will increase from USD 964.4 million in 2024 to USD 1,601.1 million by 2034 . Increasing prevalence of corneal infections, rising healthcare expenditure, and advancements in ocular therapeutics are key drivers.
Keratitis is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. [1] The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia (light sensitivity), red eye and a 'gritty' sensation. [2]
However, no single therapy has been found to eliminate both trophozoite and cystic forms, and to eradicate corneal infection. [4] [15] [12] One class of medications used in treatment is the biguanides, which include polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) 0.02% to 0.06% drops, and chlorhexidine 0.02 to 0.2% drops.
Stem cells are also in clinical phases for treatment in ophthalmology. Hematopoietic stem cells have been used to treat corneal ulcers of different origin of several horses. These ulcers were resistant to conventional treatments available, but quickly responded positively to the stem cell treatment.
Photokeratitis is known by a number of different terms, including snow blindness, arc eye, welder's flash, sand eyes, bake eyes, corneal flash burns, flash burns, niphablepsia, or keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica.