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The Inca state was known as the Kingdom of Cuzco before 1438. Over the course of the Inca Empire, the Inca used conquest and peaceful assimilation to incorporate the territory of modern-day Peru, followed by a large portion of western South America, into their empire, centered on the Andean mountain range.
Atahualpa (/ ˌ ɑː t ə ˈ w ɑː l p ə / ⓘ), also Atawallpa or Ataw Wallpa (c. 1502 – 26 July 1533), [2] [a] was the last effective Inca emperor, reigning from April 1532 until his capture and execution in July of the following year, as part of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.
The top was the Sapa Inca, who wore the maskaypacha as a symbol of power. [102] Below that may have been the Willaq Umu, literally the "priest who recounts", the High Priest of the Sun. [103] However, beneath the Sapa Inca also sat the Inkap rantin, who was a confidant and assistant to the Sapa Inca, perhaps similar to a Prime Minister. [104]
Archaeological sites in Peru are numerous and diverse, representing different aspects including temples and fortresses of the various cultures of ancient Peru, such as the Moche and Nazca.
' fortress of the royal falcon or hawk ') [1] [2] [3] is a citadel on the northern outskirts of the city of Cusco, Peru, the historic capital of the Inca Empire. The site is at an altitude of 3,701 metres (12,142 ft). The complex was built by the Incas in the 15th century, particularly under Sapa Inca Pachacuti and his successors. [4]
Huayna Capac (/'waɪnə ˈkæpæk/; Cuzco Quechua: Wayna Qhapaq /ˈwajna 'qʰapaq/ [ˈwajna 'qʰapaχ]) (before 1493 – 1527) was the third Sapa Inca of Tawantinsuyu, the Inca Empire. He was the son of and successor to Túpac Inca Yupanqui., [1]: 108 the sixth Sapa Inca of the Hanan dynasty, and eleventh of the Inca civilization.
Ingapirca (Kichwa: Inka Pirka, "Inca wall") is a town in Cañar Province, Ecuador, and the name of the older Inca ruins and archeological site nearby. [1] [2] These are the largest known Inca ruins in Ecuador. [3] The most significant building is the Temple of the Sun, an elliptically shaped building constructed around a large rock.
He remained with his brother Inca Rocca and six other chiefs, who together defeated the Chankas. The spoils were offered to Inca Wiraqucha to tread on, but he refused, stating Inca Urco should do so, as his successor. Inca Rocca later killed his brother Urco, and Inca Wiraqucha died of grief in Caquia Xaquixahuana. [3]: 58–59, 61–61, 71
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