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Targeted temperature management (TTM), previously known as therapeutic hypothermia or protective hypothermia, is an active treatment that tries to achieve and maintain a specific body temperature in a person for a specific duration of time in an effort to improve health outcomes during recovery after a period of stopped blood flow to the brain. [1]
Aggressiveness of treatment is matched to the degree of hypothermia. [2] Treatment ranges from noninvasive, passive external warming to active external rewarming, to active core rewarming. [ 16 ] In severe cases resuscitation begins with simultaneous removal from the cold environment and management of the airway, breathing, and circulation.
At present data relate only to full term infants, and all human studies of hypothermia treatment have so far been restricted to infants >36 weeks out of an expected 40 weeks gestation. There are both more potential side effects on the developing premature with lung disease , and there is more evident protection by hypothermia when a greater ...
Hypothermia should be treated first, if present, by bringing core body temperature above 35 degrees Celsius. [ 6 ] [ 10 ] Raynaud's phenomenon: An abnormal spasming of blood vessels often in the tips of fingers and toes - usually in response to strong emotions or cold exposure. [ 8 ]
Medical symptoms refer to the manifestations or indications of a disease or condition, perceived and complained about by the patient. [1] [2] Patients observe these symptoms and seek medical advice from healthcare professionals.
A hypothermia cap (also referred to as cold cap or cooling cap) is a therapeutic device used to cool the human scalp. Its most prominent medical applications are in preventing or reducing alopecia in chemotherapy , and for preventing cerebral palsy in babies born with neonatal encephalopathy caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) .
While moderate hypothermia may be satisfactory for short surgeries, deep hypothermia (20 °C to 25 °C) affords protection for times of 30 to 40 minutes at the bottom of this temperature range. Profound hypothermia (< 14 °C) usually isn't used clinically. It is a subject of research in animals and human clinical trials.
Hypothermia therapy for neonatal encephalopathy is the only evidence-supported therapy, but antioxidant drugs, control of blood glucose levels, and hemodilution (thinning of the blood) coupled with drug-induced hypertension are some treatment techniques currently under investigation. [31]