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Management of ME/CFS (myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) focuses on symptoms management, as no treatments that address the root cause of the illness are available. [1]: 29 Pacing, or regulating one's activities to avoid triggering worse symptoms, is the most common management strategy for post-exertional malaise.
Explanatory model of chronic pain. Chronic pain is defined as reoccurring or persistent pain lasting more than 3 months. [1] The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as "An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage". [2]
The defining symptoms of fibromyalgia are chronic widespread pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. [12] Other symptoms may include heightened pain in response to tactile pressure , [12] cognitive problems, [12] musculoskeletal stiffness, [12] environmental sensitivity, [12] hypervigilance, [12] sexual dysfunction, [32] and visual symptoms. [33]
Cramp fasciculation syndrome (CFS) is a rare [1] peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related (and common) disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome; it causes fasciculations, cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia (another related condition). [2]
The pain is not accompanied by swelling or redness. [29]: 16 The pain can be present in muscles and joints. Individuals with ME/CFS may have chronic pain behind the eyes and in the neck, as well as neuropathic pain (related to disorders of the nervous system).
This usually starts with the observation of bulk, possible atrophy or loss of muscle tone. Neuromuscular disease can also be diagnosed by various blood tests and using electrodiagnostic medicine tests [ 23 ] including electromyography [ 24 ] (measuring electrical activity in muscles) and nerve conduction studies . [ 25 ]
Myalgia or muscle pain is a painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue. It is a symptom of many diseases . The most common cause of acute myalgia is the overuse of a muscle or group of muscles ; another likely cause is viral infection , especially when there has been no injury .
A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms , pain , and hyperreflexia . The term "muscle relaxant" is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics .