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Works by ancient Indian grammarians such as Patanjali and Katyayana suggest that women were educated in the early Vedic period. [1] [2] [3] Rig Vedic verses suggest that women married at a mature age and were probably free to select their own husbands in a practice called swayamvar or through Gandharva marriage. [4]
The history of feminism in India can be divided into three phases: the first phase, beginning in the mid-19th century, initiated when reformists began to speak in favour of women rights by making reforms in education and customs involving women; [2] [3] the second phase, from 1915 to Indian independence, when Gandhi incorporated women's ...
The Indian independence movement was a series of events aimed at ending the British rule in India, which lasted till 1947. Women played a significant and prominent role in the Indian independence movement. The participation of women in the movement started as early as the eighteenth century.
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. With a decline in their status from the ancient to medieval times ...
The Women's Indian Association (WIA) was founded at Adayar, Madras, in 1917 by Annie Besant, Margaret Cousins, Dorothy Jinarajadasa, and others to liberate women from the deplorable condition women suffered in socio-economic and political matters during the 19th and the early 20th century.
The National Federation of Indian Women is a women's organisation in India, the women's wing of the Communist Party of India. [3] [4] [5] It was established on 4 June 1954 by several leaders from Mahila Atma Raksha Samiti including Aruna Asaf Ali. [6] [7] [8]
The Simon Commission arrived in India in 1929 and began soliciting input. Because the leaders of the nationalist movement were against the seven white men on the commission deciding the fate of Indians, the Women's Indian Association refused to meet with commissioners, as did the All India Women's Conference. [69]
Chonira Belliappa Muthamma (24 January 1924 – 14 October 2009) was the first woman to clear the Indian Civil Services examinations. She was also the first woman to join the Indian Foreign Service. She was the first Indian woman diplomat as well. Later, she became the first Indian woman Ambassador (or High Commissioner) also.