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Brahmagupta (c. 598 – c. 668 AD) was the first Indian scholar to describe gravity as an attractive force: [38] [39] [failed verification] [40] [41] [failed verification] The earth on all its sides is the same; all people on the earth stand upright, and all heavy things fall down to the earth by a law of nature, for it is the nature of the ...
Here Brahmagupta found the result in terms of the sum of the first n integers, rather than in terms of n as is the modern practice. [24] He gives the sum of the squares of the first n natural numbers as n(n + 1)(2n + 1) / 6 and the sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers as ( n(n + 1) / 2 ) 2.
Le Sage's theory of gravitation is a kinetic theory of gravity originally proposed by Nicolas Fatio de Duillier in 1690 and later by Georges-Louis Le Sage in 1748. The theory proposed a mechanical explanation for Newton's gravitational force in terms of streams of tiny unseen particles (which Le Sage called ultra-mundane corpuscles) impacting all material objects from all directions.
[250] [251] LIGO-VIRGO and Fermi constrain the difference between the speed of gravity and the speed of light in vacuum to 10 −15. [252] This marks the first time electromagnetic and gravitational waves are detected from a single source, [253] [254] and give direct evidence that some (short) gamma-ray bursts are due to colliding neutron stars ...
The main problem with these first engines was that they were slow and clumsy, converting less than 2% of the input fuel into useful work. In other words, large quantities of coal (or wood) had to be burned to yield a small fraction of work output; the need for a new science of engine dynamics was born.
Recurring cultural, political, and theological rejection of evolution by religious groups [a] exists regarding the origins of the Earth, of humanity, and of other life. In accordance with creationism, species were once widely believed to be fixed products of divine creation, but since the mid-19th century, evolution by natural selection has been established by the scientific community as an ...
Krauss was born on May 27, 1954, in New York City, but spent his childhood in Toronto.He was raised in a household that was Jewish but not religious. [8] Krauss received undergraduate degrees in mathematics and physics with first-class honours at Carleton University in Ottawa in 1977, and was awarded a Ph.D. in physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1982.
Gravitation is a widely adopted textbook on Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, written by Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne, and John Archibald Wheeler.It was originally published by W. H. Freeman and Company in 1973 and reprinted by Princeton University Press in 2017.