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  2. Sclereid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sclereid

    Sclereids in a diffuse pattern are dispersed throughout the leaf tissue, and sclereids in a terminal pattern are concentrated about the tips of leaf veins. Sclereid formations in leaves include the branched sclereids of Trochodendron , the columnar sclereids of Hakea , and the hair-like trichosclereids that branch into air chambers within the ...

  3. List of hominoids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hominoids

    Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelli) Hominoidea is a superfamily of primates. Members of this superfamily are called hominoids or apes, and include gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, gibbons, bonobos, and humans. Hominoidea is one of the six major groups in the order Primates. The majority are found in forests in Southeastern Asia and Equatorial Africa, with the exception of humans, which have ...

  4. Spiralia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiralia

    The Spiralia are a morphologically diverse clade of protostome animals, including within their number the molluscs, annelids, platyhelminths and other taxa. [4] The term Spiralia is applied to those phyla that exhibit canonical spiral cleavage, a pattern of early development found in most members of the Lophotrochozoa.

  5. Pentapetalae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentapetalae

    The sepals are innervated by three or more vascular bundles—called leaf scars [11] —originating in the vascular system of the petiole, while the petals have only one trace. The stamen usually has twice as many pieces as the calyx and corona, which are arranged in two whorls. When the number of stamens is greater than twice the number of ...

  6. Ground tissue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_tissue

    But compared with most fibres, sclereids are relatively short. Characteristic examples are brachysclereids or the stone cells (called stone cells because of their hardness) of pears and quinces (Cydonia oblonga) and those of the shoot of the wax plant (Hoya carnosa). The cell walls fill nearly all the cell's volume.

  7. Superorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superorganism

    Ants are the best-known example of such a superorganism. A superorganism can be defined as "a collection of agents which can act in concert to produce phenomena governed by the collective", [ 2 ] phenomena being any activity "the hive wants" such as ants collecting food and avoiding predators , [ 3 ] [ 4 ] or bees choosing a new nest site. [ 5 ]

  8. Closed community - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_community

    The concept of many plants and animals coexisting together, having an ecosystem and building upwards was the theory he aimed for (example: rain forest). The general theory later failed due to the fact that there was little or extremely basic comparable information about the logic of a being, the concept worked more in favor towards smaller ...

  9. Sclerite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sclerite

    An example of the use of the term in paleontology is to describe hollow calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate or calcium phosphate plates grown as body armor by a number of Early Cambrian animals. Unlike sponge spicules, Early Cambrian sclerites appear to be external armor rather than internal structural elements.