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Montage of planets and some moons that the two Voyager spacecraft have visited and studied. It is the only program that visited all four outer planets. A total of nine spacecraft have been launched on missions that involve visits to the outer planets; all nine missions involve encounters with Jupiter, with four spacecraft also visiting Saturn.
NASA revealed that this imaging marked the first time four planets – Saturn, Earth, Mars, and Venus – had been captured at once in visible light by the Cassini craft. [14] It was also the first time the people of Earth knew in advance that their picture would be taken from the outer Solar System. [3]
Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s) Sputnik 1: 4 October 1957 First Earth orbiter [1] [2] Sputnik 2: 3 November 1957 Earth orbiter, first animal in orbit, a dog named Laika [2] [3] [4] Explorer 1: 1 February 1958 Earth orbiter; discovered Van Allen radiation belts [5] Vanguard 1: 17 March 1958 Earth orbiter; oldest spacecraft still in ...
NASA: success Left Saturn in September 1979. Last contact September 1995. The craft's antenna cannot be maneuvered to point to Earth. Craft now presumed to lack sufficient power for antenna. 1973-019A: Voyager 1: NASA: success Left Saturn in November 1980. Still in regular contact and transmitting scientific data. 1977-084A: Voyager 2: NASA ...
First orbit of Saturn. USA (NASA) ESA Italy Cassini–Huygens: 8 September 2004: First sample return beyond lunar orbit (solar wind). USA (NASA) Genesis: 14 January 2005: First landing in the outer Solar System (Titan). First landing on a moon other than Earth's Moon. ESA USA (NASA) Italy (ASI) Cassini–Huygens: January–February 2005
First image of Earth from another astronomical object (the Moon) and first picture of both Earth and the Moon from space. [32] [33] [34] [7] [19] December 11, 1966 ATS-1: First picture of both Earth and the Moon from the Earth's orbit. [35] First full-disk pictures of the Earth from a geostationary orbit. [35] [image needed] January 1967
The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...
Saturn and Titan 15 October 1997 1 July 2004 entered orbit: 2452 days (6 yr, 8 mo, 17 d) Mission ended 15 September 2017. Saturn orbiter, performing repeated by-flights of Saturn's moons; also deployed the Huygens Titan lander, the first probe to land on a satellite of another planet. [51] [52] 14 January 2005 Huygens landed on Titan