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Phosphorus is a chemical element; ... Phosphorus has an oxidation number of −3 in phosphine. Phosphine is produced by hydrolysis of calcium phosphide, Ca 3 P 2 ...
Systematic oxidation state is chosen from close alternatives as a pedagogical description. An example is the oxidation state of phosphorus in H 3 PO 3 (structurally diprotic HPO(OH) 2) taken nominally as +3, while Allen electronegativities of phosphorus and hydrogen suggest +5 by a narrow margin that makes the two alternatives almost equivalent:
Pyrophosphoric acid. In chemistry, a phosphoric acid, in the general sense, is a phosphorus oxoacid in which each phosphorus (P) atom is in the oxidation state +5, and is bonded to four oxygen (O) atoms, one of them through a double bond, arranged as the corners of a tetrahedron.
The phosphorus oxoacids can be classified by the oxidation state(s) of the phosphorus atom(s), which may vary from +1 to +5. The oxygen atoms are usually in oxidation state -2, but may be in state -1 if the molecule includes peroxide groups.
Phosphorus has the +1 oxidation state in hypophosphorous acid and the +4 oxidation state in hypophosphoric acid. Antimony tetroxide is a mixed-valence compound , where half of the antimony atoms are in the +3 oxidation state, and the other half are in the +5 oxidation state.
Compounds where phosphorus exists in a formal oxidation state of less than III are uncommon, but examples are known for each class. Organophosphorus(0) species are debatably illustrated by the carbene adducts, [P(NHC)] 2 , where NHC is an N-heterocyclic carbene . [ 12 ]
Hypophosphoric acid is a mineral acid with the formula H 4 P 2 O 6, with phosphorus in a formal oxidation state of +4. In the solid state it is present as the dihydrate, H 4 P 2 O 6 ·2H 2 O. In hypophosphoric acid the phosphorus atoms are identical and joined directly with a P−P bond.
The formal oxidation state of phosphorus is +4. The oxygen analogue is the hypodiphosphate anion, P 2 O 4− 6. P 3 S 3− 9 contains a six-membered P 3 S 3 ring. The ammonium salt is produced by reaction of P 4 S 10 in liquid ammonia. [13] Another way of visualising the structure is that it is the P 4 S 10 adamantane (P 4 O 10) structure with ...