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Polysomnography (PSG) is a multi-parameter type of sleep study [1] and a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine.The test result is called a polysomnogram, also abbreviated PSG.The name is derived from Greek and Latin roots: the Greek πολύς (polus for "many, much", indicating many channels), the Latin somnus ("sleep"), and the Greek γράφειν (graphein, "to write").
Management of ME/CFS (myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) focuses on symptoms management, as no treatments that address the root cause of the illness are available. [ 1 ] : 29 Pacing, or regulating one's activities to avoid triggering worse symptoms, is the most common management strategy for post-exertional malaise .
Fatigue in a medical context is used to cover experiences of low energy that are not caused by normal life. [2] [3]A 2021 review proposed a definition for fatigue as a starting point for discussion: "A multi-dimensional phenomenon in which the biophysiological, cognitive, motivational and emotional state of the body is affected resulting in significant impairment of the individual's ability to ...
Pacing aims to manage symptoms by avoiding the "boom and bust" cycle that is common among people exceeding their current, limited capacities. This often leads to being forced to stop their activities as a result of pain, fatigue or other symptoms, and then requiring a large amount of rest before being able to resume their activity.
PERCLOS is a drowsiness detection measure, referred to as the percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time and reflects slow eyelid closures or droops rather than blinks. [11] Various real-time operator drowsiness detection systems use PERCLOS assessment and proprietary developed software to determine the onset of fatigue.
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a neurological disorder which is characterized primarily by excessive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). [1] Idiopathic hypersomnia was first described by Bedrich Roth in 1976, and it can be divided into two forms: polysymptomatic and monosymptomatic.
NREM Stage 1 (N1 – light sleep, somnolence, drowsy sleep – 5–10% of total sleep in adults): This is a stage of sleep that usually occurs between sleep and wakefulness, and sometimes occurs between periods of deeper sleep and periods of REM. The muscles are active, and the eyes roll slowly, opening and closing moderately.
Treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) relies on identifying and treating the underlying disorder which may cure the person from the EDS. Drugs like modafinil , [ 22 ] armodafinil , [ 23 ] pitolisant [ 24 ] (Wakix), sodium oxybate (Xyrem) oral solution, have been approved as treatment for EDS symptoms in the United States.