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Feminist literary criticism can be traced back to medieval times, with some arguing that Geoffrey Chaucer's Wife of Bath could be an example of early feminist literary critics. [2] Additionally, the period considered First wave feminism also contributed extensively to literature and women's presence within it.
While previous figures like Virginia Woolf and Simone de Beauvoir had already begun to review and evaluate the female image in literature, [2] and second-wave feminism had explored phallocentrism and sexism through a female reading of male authors, gynocriticism was designed as a "second phase" in feminist criticism – turning to a focus on, and interrogation of female authorship, images, the ...
This strand of feminist literary theory originated in France in the early 1970s through the works of Cixous and other theorists including Luce Irigaray, [2] Chantal Chawaf, [3] [4] Catherine Clément and Julia Kristeva, [5] [6] and has subsequently been expanded upon by writers such as psychoanalytic theorist Bracha Ettinger.
Feminist literary criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theories or politics. Its history has been varied, from classic works of female authors such as George Eliot, Virginia Woolf, [64] and Margaret Fuller to recent theoretical work in women's studies and gender studies by "third-wave" authors.
Feminism Is for Everybody: Passionate Politics, bell hooks (2000) Feminist Theory (2000–present) Manifesta: Young women, Feminism and the Future, Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards (2000) Scapegoat: The Jews, Israel, and Women's Liberation, Andrea Dworkin (2000) "Shakespeare's Sonnets and the Mystique of the Sheikh", Annie Laurie Gaylor ...
Now recognized as a classic of feminist literary criticism, The Resisting Reader generated both praise and critique upon publication. Reviewers were quick to point out that in approach, style, and tone, Fetterley echoed Kate Millett, whose Sexual Politics had preceded The Resisting Reader by almost a decade. For many feminist commentators, this ...
Elaine Showalter (born January 21, 1941) [1] is an American literary critic, feminist, and writer on cultural and social issues.She influenced feminist literary criticism in the United States academia, developing the concept and practice of gynocritics, a term describing the study of "women as writers".
The work of the feminist psychoanalyst and philosopher, Julia Kristeva, has influenced feminist theory in general and feminist literary criticism in particular. From the 1980s onwards, the work of artist and psychoanalyst Bracha Ettinger has influenced literary criticism, art history, and film theory.