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In Greek mythology, Styx (/ ˈ s t ɪ k s /; Ancient Greek: Στύξ; lit. "Shuddering" [1]), also called the River Styx, is a goddess and one of the rivers of the Greek Underworld. Her parents were the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and she was the wife of the Titan Pallas and the mother of Zelus, Nike, Kratos, and Bia.
She was also known as Styx (/ s t ɪ k s / STIKS; Στύξ, Stýx) or Gorgyra (/ ɡ ɔːr ˈ dʒ aɪ r ə / gor-JY-rə; Γόργυρα, Górgȳra, from γόργυρα, górgȳra, 'underground drain'). [1] With Acheron, she mothered Ascalaphus. [2] Orphne also seems to be one translation of the name of the Roman goddess Caligo (Darkness). [3]
Styx, goddess of the river Styx; Theia, mother of the Cercopes; For a more complete list, see List of Oceanids; Oceanus (Ὠκεανός), god of the Earth-encircling river Oceanus (the ocean), the fountain of all the Earth's freshwater; Potamoi (Ποταμοί), Gods of rivers and streams of the earth Some notable river gods include:
Once that task had been completed, Aphrodite gave Psyche her third task: gather the black waters from the River Styx in a crystal cup the goddess had given her. Arriving near the river, Psyche once again began to despair, for getting to the river itself meant climbing up a treacherous cliff and risking her life.
Bia was the daughter of the Titan Pallas and Oceanid Styx, [1] and sister of Nike, Kratos, and Zelus. [2] Mythology.
[23] [24] There are several Styx-es in the real world: according to Herodotus, Strabo, and Pliny it was in Arcadia; [25] while Pausanias locates one in Nonacris. [26] The Acheron is the river of misery or river of woe. [24] [27] It is mentioned in many early sources of archaic poetry but is less prominent and early than the Styx. [28]
Roman poets, including Propertius, Ovid, and Statius, name the river as the Styx, perhaps following the geography of Virgil's underworld in the Aeneid, where Charon is associated with both rivers. The Homeric poems describe the Acheron as a river of Hades, into which Cocytus and Phlegethon both flowed. [4] [5]
In Greek mythology, Kratos, also known as Cratus or Cratos, [a] is the divine personification of strength. He is the son of Pallas and Styx.Kratos and his siblings Nike ('Victory'), Bia ('Force'), and Zelus ('Glory') are all the personification of a specific trait. [5]