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A GABA reuptake inhibitor (GRI) is a type of drug which acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) by blocking the action of the gamma-Aminobutyric acid transporters (GATs). This in turn leads to increased extracellular concentrations of GABA and therefore an increase in GABAergic neurotransmission. [1]
In general these drugs produce stimulant and convulsant effects, and are mainly used for counteracting overdoses of sedative drugs. Examples include bicuculline, securinine and metrazol, and the benzodiazepine GABA A receptor antagonist flumazenil. Other agents which may have GABA A receptor antagonism include the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, [1 ...
A GABAergic or GABAnergic agent is any chemical that modifies the effects of GABA in the body or brain. Some different classes of GABAergic drugs include agonists, antagonists, modulators, reuptake inhibitors and enzymes. [1]
DABA's main action is being an inhibitor of GABA transaminase, an enzyme that converts GABA back to glutamate. When the enzyme is inhibited, this conversion cannot happen, therefore, GABA levels are elevated. [1] It has also been observed that 2,4-diaminobutyric acid is a GABA reuptake inhibitor. [2] This action further elevates levels of GABA.
GABA B receptors also reduces the activity of adenylyl cyclase and Ca 2+ channels by using G-proteins with G i /G 0 α subunits. [4] GABA B receptors are involved in behavioral actions of ethanol, [5] [6] gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), [7] and possibly in pain. [8] Recent research suggests that these receptors may play an important ...
GABRA2 is an alpha subunit that is part of GABA-A receptors, which are ligand-gated chloride channels and are activated by the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, GABA. Chloride conductance of these channels can be modulated by agents, such as benzodiazepines (psychoactive drugs) that bind to the GABA-A receptor. GABA-A ...
Gamma-aminobutyric acid, a GABA-B receptor agonist. A GABA receptor agonist is a drug that is an agonist for one or more of the GABA receptors, producing typically sedative effects, and may also cause other effects such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects. [1] There are three receptors of the gamma-aminobutyric acid. The ...
Bicuculline is a phthalide-isoquinoline compound that is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABA A receptors. [1] It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts [2] and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, and several Corydalis species (all in subfamily Fumarioideae, previously known as family Fumariaceae).