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Catechol (/ ˈ k æ t ɪ tʃ ɒ l / or / ˈ k æ t ɪ k ɒ l /), also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 4 (OH) 2. It is the ortho isomer of the three isomeric benzenediols .
Nitric acid, with a pK value of around −1.7, behaves as a strong acid in aqueous solutions with a pH greater than 1. [23] At lower pH values it behaves as a weak acid. pK a values for strong acids have been estimated by theoretical means. [24] For example, the pK a value of aqueous HCl has been estimated as −9.3.
IUPAC name IARC carcinogen group Toxic metabolite(s) Alcohol by volume (ABV) [1] LD50 in rat, oral [2]; Ethanol: Group 1: Acetaldehyde → acetic acid Up to 95.6% in rectified spirit
The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is used as a drug and is the main alcohol present in alcoholic drinks. The suffix -ol appears in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) chemical name of all substances where the hydroxyl group is the functional group with the ...
Weighing hops. The chemical compounds in beer give it a distinctive taste, smell and appearance. The majority of compounds in beer come from the metabolic activities of plants and yeast and so are covered by the fields of biochemistry and organic chemistry. [1]
It is possible to calculate the pure alcohol mass in a serving from the concentration, density of alcohol, and volume: = For example, a 355 ml (12.0 US fl oz) glass of beer with an ABV of 5.5% contains 19.525 ml of pure alcohol, which has a density of 0.78945 g/mL (at 20 °C), [ 29 ] and therefore a mass of 15.41 grams (0.544 oz).
It competitively inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase for example. [5] TFE forms complexes with Lewis bases such as THF or pyridine through hydrogen bonding, yielding 1:1 adducts. [6] It is classified as a hard Lewis acid and its acceptor properties are discussed in the ECW model yielding E A = 2.07 and C A = 1.06.
Congeners are the basis of alcohol congener analysis, a sub-discipline of forensic toxicology which determines what a person drank. There is some evidence that high-congener drinks induce more severe hangovers , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] but the effect is not well studied and is still secondary to the total amount of ethanol consumed.