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Humans have left over 187,400 kilograms (413,100 lb) of material on the Moon. Besides the 2019 Chang'e 4 and SLIM missions, the only artificial objects on the Moon that are still in use are the retroreflectors for the Lunar Laser Ranging experiments left there by the Apollo 11 , 14, and 15 astronauts, Chandrayaan-3 lunar lander, and by the ...
AS11-40-5952: Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment as left on the Moon by Apollo 11 Plot of arrival time of photons (Y axis) for each of many laser pulses sent to the Moon (X axis). This data, along with similar data from the other landing sites, shows there are man-made objects on the Moon in the locations of the Apollo landings.
The Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) comprised a set of scientific instruments placed by the astronauts at the landing site of each of the five Apollo missions to land on the Moon following Apollo 11 (Apollos 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17). Apollo 11 left a smaller package called the Early Apollo Scientific Experiments Package, or EASEP.
The locations of lunar retroreflectors left by Apollo (A) and Luna (L) missions. Retroreflectors are devices which reflect light back to its source. Six were left at six sites on the Moon by three crews of the Apollo program, two by remote landers of the Lunokhod program, and one by the Chandrayaan program. [1]
The orbits of the Moon and planets are integrated numerically along with the orientation of the Moon called physical libration. [23] At the Moon's surface, the beam is about 6.5 kilometers (4.0 mi) wide [24] [i] and scientists liken the task of aiming the beam to using a rifle to hit a moving dime 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) away. The reflected light ...
Apollo 7 slow-scan TV, transmitted by the RCA command module TV camera. NASA decided on initial specifications for TV on the Apollo command module (CM) in 1962. [2] [ Note 1] Both analog and digital transmission techniques were studied, but the early digital systems still used more bandwidth than an analog approach: 20 MHz for the digital system, compared to 500 kHz for the analog system. [2]
Descent stage may have hit the Moon, ascent stage in heliocentric orbit. Snoopy is the only flown LM ascent stage known to have survived intact (possibly asteroid 2018 AV2 [52]). LM-5 Eagle: Apollo 11: July 16, 1969 Descent stage on lunar surface in Sea of Tranquility, ascent stage left in lunar orbit (could be still orbiting the moon [53]) LM ...
The bag contained various items, which should have been left behind in the Lunar Module Eagle, including the 16mm Data Acquisition Camera that had been used to capture images of the first Moon landing. [263] [264] The camera is currently on display at the National Air and Space Museum. [265]