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Gastritis is the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. [1] It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration . [ 1 ] There may be no symptoms but, when symptoms are present, the most common is upper abdominal pain (see dyspepsia ). [ 1 ]
Stomach diseases include gastritis, gastroparesis, Crohn's disease and various cancers. [1] The stomach is an important organ in the body. It plays a vital role in digestion of foods, releases various enzymes and also protects the lower intestine from harmful organisms. The stomach connects to the esophagus above and to the small intestine below.
Atrophic gastritis under low power. H&E stain. Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG) is an inherited form of atrophic gastritis characterized by an immune response directed toward parietal cells and intrinsic factor. [6] Achlorhydria induces G cell (gastrin-producing) hyperplasia, which leads to hypergastrinemia.
Inflammation of the stomach by infection from any cause is called gastritis, and when including other parts of the gastrointestinal tract called gastroenteritis. When gastritis persists in a chronic state, it is associated with several diseases, including atrophic gastritis, pyloric stenosis, and gastric cancer.
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases.
[8] [66] Where the gastritis develops into chronic gastritis, or an ulcer, the symptoms are the same and can include indigestion, stomach or abdominal pains, nausea, bloating, belching, feeling hunger in the morning, feeling full too soon, and sometimes vomiting, heartburn, bad breath, and weight loss.
Reactive gastropathy is morphologically distinct entity [3] [4] that can be separated from gastritis, which by definition has a significant inflammatory component. As a reactive gastropathy may mimic a (true) gastritis symptomatically and visually in an endoscopic examination , it may incorrectly be referred to as a gastritis.
Ulcer margins are perpendicular and present chronic gastritis. During the active phase, the base of the ulcer shows four zones: fibrinoid necrosis, inflammatory exudate, granulation tissue and fibrous tissue. The fibrous base of the ulcer may contain vessels with thickened wall or with thrombosis. [39]