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Social predictors of depression are aspects of one's social environment that are related to an individual developing major depression.These risk factors include negative social life events, conflict, and low levels of social support, all of which have been found affect the likelihood of someone experiencing major depression, the length of the depression, or the severity of the symptoms.
Stress can be conceptualized as a life event that disrupts the equilibrium of a person's life. [3] [15] For instance, a person may be vulnerable to becoming depressed but will not develop depression unless he or she is exposed to a specific stress, which may trigger a depressive disorder. [16]
A related view, the diathesis-stress model, posits that mental disorders result from genetic dispositions and environmental stressors, combining to cause patterns of distress or dysfunction. [19] The model is one way to explain why some individuals are more vulnerable to mental disorders than others.
It argues that people with depression act in ways that maintain their depression and locates the origin of depressive episodes in the environment. [6] While BA theories do not deny biological factors that contribute to depression, they assert that it is ultimately the combination of a stressful event in an individual's life and their reaction ...
Mental health encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being, influencing cognition, perception, and behavior.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a "state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and can contribute to his or her community". [1]
Also, people who do not believe that stress will affect their health do not have an increased risk of illness, disease, or death. [73] This suggests that there are individual differences in vulnerability to the potential pathogenic effects of stress; individual differences in vulnerability arise due to both genetic and psychological factors.
Depression is a mental state of low mood and aversion to activity. [3] It affects about 3.5% of the global population, or about 280 million people worldwide, as of 2020. [4] Depression affects a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings, and sense of well-being. [5]
In people with MDD this often shows increased activation in depressed people, but the mechanism behind this is not yet known. [120] Increased basal cortisol levels and abnormal response to dexamethasone challenges have been observed in people with MDD. [121] Early life stress has been hypothesized as a potential cause of HPA dysfunction.