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Lotus position or Padmasana (Sanskrit: पद्मासन, romanized: padmāsana) [1] is a cross-legged sitting meditation pose from ancient India, in which each foot is placed on the opposite thigh.
These include Padmasana (full lotus), Ardha Padmasana (half lotus), Siddhasana or Muktasana (also called Burmese posture, sitting with the knees on the ground and the feet tucked in close to the body), [4] [5] and Sukhasana (any easy cross-legged position). [6]
Ardha अर्ध half Ardha Padmasana (half lotus) Baddha बद्ध bound Baddha Konasana (bound angle) Dvi द्वि two Dvi Pada Kaundinyasana (two-legged Kaundinya) Eka एक one Eka Pada Shirshasana (one-legged headstand) Parsva पार्श्व side Parsva Bakasana (side crane) Parivritta परिवृत्त revolved
Siddhasana is one of the oldest asanas, being described as a meditation seat in the 10th century Goraksha Sataka 1.10-12. It states that along with lotus position, Siddhasana is the most important of the asanas (1.10), breaking open the door of liberation (1.11).
In yoga, mudrās are used in conjunction with pranayama (yogic breathing exercises), generally while seated in Padmasana, Ardhasiddhasana, Sukhasana or Vajrasana pose, to stimulate different parts of the body and mind, and to affect the flow of prana in the body.
Most are meditation seats, especially the lotus position, Padmasana, but Lalitasana and its "royal ease" variant are not. [153] [154] Jain tirthankaras are often shown seated in the meditation asanas Siddhasana and Padmasana. [155] [156]
Ardha Matsyendrasana III is entered from Ardha Matsyendrasana I. The bottom leg moves into Padmasana, and the arms bind by grasping both feet. [11] For the reclining variant, Supta Matsyendrasana, starting from a supine position, stretch the arms out at shoulder level, bend one knee and rotate it and the hips across to the opposite side. [12]
The santoor is played while sitting in an asana called ardha-padmasana and placing it on the lap. While being played, the broad side is closer to the waist of the musician and the shorter side is away from the musician. It is played with a pair of light wooden mallets held with both hands.