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However, it still leaves the actual sounds of each instrument up to the supplier to implement; one manufacturer's French horn, say, could be brighter, or more mellow, than another's. The GM 1 specification was superseded by General MIDI 2 in 1999; however, GM 1 is still commonly used. [ 1 ]
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change.
The French horn (since the 1930s known simply as the horn in professional music circles) is a brass instrument made of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. The double horn in F/B ♭ (technically a variety of German horn) is the horn most often used by players in professional orchestras and bands, although the descant and triple horn have become increasingly popular.
Concertino for Horn and String Orchestra, Op. 45, No. 5; Benjamin Lees. Concerto for French horn and Orchestra; György Ligeti. Trio for Violin, Horn and Piano (1982) Hamburg Concerto (1998) Magnus Lindberg. Campana in Aria for horn and orchestra (1998) Trygve Madsen. Sonata, Op. 24; Josip Magdić. Concertino for Horn and instrumental ensemble
The natural horn is a musical instrument that is the predecessor to the modern-day (French) horn (differentiated by its lack of valves). Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the natural horn evolved as a separation from the trumpet by widening the bell and lengthening the tubes. [1]
The French horn (as distinct from the German and Vienna horns), is also usually referred to simply as the "horn" by orchestral players. The bore of the French horn is small, between 10.8 and 11 mm, compared to 11.5 mm for the German horn, but not as small as the Vienna horn at 10.7 mm.
Many notable French horn musicians struck out in smaller groups, giving the instrument a headliner role in jazz combos. A good account of the presence of the French horn in jazz is Ronald Sweetman's study, A Preliminary Chronology of the Use of the French Horn in Jazz, Further Rev. 1991 Text, Montréal Vintage Society, 1991, ISBN 1-895002-05-2.
Julie Landsman (born April 3, 1953) is an American-born French horn player and teacher. Landsman was Principal Horn of the Metropolitan Opera from 1985-2010. Prior to her appointment with the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra, Landsman served as co-principal horn with the Houston Symphony, and has toured internationally with the New York Philharmonic and Orpheus Chamber Orchestra.