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This poses many security risks which can be prevented by the use of OAuth authorization flows. A high-level overview of Oauth 2.0 flow. The resource owner credentials are used only on the authorization server, but not on the client (e.g. the third-party app). OAuth began in November 2006 when Blaine Cook was developing an OpenID implementation ...
As OAuth underwent significant change through the publication of the Web Resource Authorization Protocol (WRAP) specification and, subsequently, drafts of OAuth 2.0, the UMA specification has kept pace, and it now uses the OAuth 2.0 family of specifications for several key protocol flows.
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Due to how single sign-on works, by sending a request to the logged-in website to get a SSO token and sending a request with the token to the logged-out website, the token cannot be protected with the HttpOnly cookie flag and thus can be stolen by an attacker if there is an XSS vulnerability on the logged-out website, in order to do session ...
The eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) is an XML-based standard markup language for specifying access control policies. The standard, published by OASIS, defines a declarative fine-grained, attribute-based access control policy language, an architecture, and a processing model describing how to evaluate access requests according to the rules defined in policies.
Shibboleth supports a number of variations on this base case, including portal-style flows whereby the IdP mints an unsolicited assertion to be delivered in the initial access to the SP, and lazy session initiation, which allows an application to trigger content protection through a method of its choice as required.
Enables OAuth 2.0 implementations to apply Token Binding to Access Tokens, Authorization Codes, Refresh Tokens, JWT Authorization Grants, and JWT Client Authentication. This cryptographically binds these tokens to a client's Token Binding key pair, possession of which is proven on the TLS connections over which the tokens are intended to be used.
Indeed, the flow outlined in the previous section is sometimes called the Lightweight Web Browser SSO Profile. Alternatively, for increased security or privacy, messages may be passed by reference . For example, an identity provider may supply a reference to a SAML assertion (called an artifact ) instead of transmitting the assertion directly ...