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Front-end loading (FEL), also referred to as Front End Planning (FEP), pre-project planning (PPP), feasibility analysis, conceptual planning, programming/schematic design and early project planning, is the process for conceptual development of projects in processing industries such as upstream oil and gas, petrochemical, natural gas refining, extractive metallurgy, waste-to-energy ...
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg , Manchester and Duluth ; these access the sea via rivers or canals .
There are three broad port business models: The landlord business model in which: “the port is an entity that owns the port infrastructure and has agreements with third party operators”; The integrated model in which “the port is itself an operator that provides all cargo handling services”; and
In the discrete problem, the quay is viewed as a finite set of berths. In the continuous problem, vessels can berth anywhere along the quay and the majority of research deals with the former case. In the static arrival problem all vessels are already at the port whereas in the dynamic only a portion of the vessels to be scheduled are present.
A Terminal Operating System, or TOS, is a key part of a supply chain and primarily aims to control the movement and storage of various types of cargo in and around a port or marine terminal. The systems also enables better use of assets, labour and equipment, plan workload, and receive up-to-date information.
The plan involves increasing the capacity of the port which is projected to accommodate more domestic passengers and international container cargoes. [17] The port of Batangas can improve its attractiveness in providing competitively-priced electricity or energy to investors and in offering higher quality maritime services.
Wind turbine towers being unloaded at a port Stevedores on a New York dock loading barrels of corn syrup onto a barge on the Hudson River.Photo by Lewis Hine, circa 1912. In shipping, break-bulk, breakbulk, [2] or break bulk cargo, also called general cargo, is goods that are stowed on board ships in individually counted units.
The smart port minimises the negative impacts of its activities on the natural environment and enhances the surrounding communities - economically and socially. The material benefits of chosen technologies allow the smart port to: Improve efficiency to gain competitive advantage; Increase business resilience to economic shocks or disruptive forces