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Protein–energy undernutrition (PEU), once called protein–energy malnutrition (PEM), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees.
An example of nutritional hypoproteinemia is Kwashiorkor, a type of protein energy malnutrition affecting young children. Malabsorption, often caused by celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease; Liver disease can also cause hypoproteinemia by decreasing synthesis of plasma proteins like albumin.
However, Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder. [7] Signs of anemia include cyanosis, jaundice, and easy bruising. [7] In addition, anemic patients may experience difficulties with memory and concentration, fatigue, lightheadedness, sensitivity to temperature, low energy levels, shortness of breath, and pale skin.
For example, in children under two years of age, iron deficiency anemia is likely to affect brain function acutely, and probably also chronically. Similarly, folate deficiency has been linked to neural tube defects. [73] Iodine deficiency is "the most common preventable cause of mental impairment worldwide."
She was the first to suggest that this might be a protein deficiency. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The name is derived from the Ga language of coastal Ghana , translated as "the sickness the baby gets when the new baby comes" or "the disease of the deposed child", and reflecting the development of the condition in an older child who has been weaned from the ...
Protein deficiency affects 1 billion people worldwide and causes symptoms like fatigue, thinning hair, and muscle wasting.
Main symptoms that may appear in anemia [20] The hand of a person with severe anemia (on the left, with ring) compared to one without (on the right). A person with anemia may not have any symptoms, depending on the underlying cause, and no symptoms may be noticed, as the anemia is initially mild, and then the symptoms become worse as the anemia worsens.
Other diseases that cause chronic intestinal inflammation may lead to malnutrition, such as some cases of untreated celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] [ 23 ] Children with chronic diseases like HIV have a higher risk of malnutrition, since their bodies cannot absorb nutrients as well. [ 13 ]
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