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White sponge nevus (WSN) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant [4] condition of the oral mucosa (the mucous membrane lining of the mouth). It is caused by one or more mutations in genes coding for keratin , which causes a defect in the normal process of keratinization of the mucosa.
Leukoedema lesions disappear when the mucosa is stretched, which helps to differentiate it from other white lesions in the mouth. [2] The differential diagnosis is with leukoplakia , oral candidiasis , oral lichen planus , white sponge nevus , morsicatio buccarum , [ 3 ] hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis and dyskeratosis congenita.
The differential diagnosis of a white lesion in the mouth can be considered according to a surgical sieve (see table). [ 3 ] [ 29 ] [ 40 ] [ 38 ] Leukoplakia cannot be rubbed off the mucosa, [ 14 ] distinguishing it readily from white patches such as pseudomembraneous candidiasis, where a white layer can be removed to reveal an erythematous ...
Infection usually begins in the mouth or nose and enters the central nervous system via the eyes. [5] If the fungal infection begins in the nose or sinus and extends to brain, symptoms and signs may include one-sided eye pain or headache, and may be accompanied by pain in the face, numbness, fever, loss of smell, a blocked nose or runny nose.
Oral and maxillofacial pathology, previously termed oral pathology, is a speciality involved with the diagnosis and study of the causes and effects of diseases affecting the oral and maxillofacial regions (i.e. the mouth, the jaws and the face).
Signs and symptoms are dependent upon the type of oral candidiasis. Often, apart from the appearance of the lesions, there are usually no other signs or symptoms. Most types of oral candidiasis are painless, but a burning sensation may occur in some cases. [8] Candidiasis can, therefore, sometimes be misdiagnosed as burning mouth syndrome.
The state has seen 145 cases in kids aged 3 to 14 years old, and some are referring to the condition as “white lung syndrome,” or “white lung” pneumonia.
[3] [14] P. destructans grows as an opportunistic pathogen on bats, causing white-nose syndrome, [1] but it can also persist in the cave environment, [15] as a saprotroph. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] P. destructans can grow and sporulate ( reproduce asexually via conidiation ) on keratinaceous , chitinaceous , cellulosic , and lipid/protein rich substrates ...