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The title means "A hundred verses of [the sage] Gorakṣa". [3]The Gorakṣaśataka is one of the first texts that teaches Haṭha yoga's physical methods, without using the name. [3]
Gorakhnath (also known as Goraksanath (Sanskrit: Gorakṣanātha), [3] c. early 11th century) was a Hindu yogi, mahasiddha and saint who was the founder of the Nath Hindu monastic movement in India. [4]
The Sharngadhara-paddhati is one of the best known collections of the subhashita-genre poems. [2] It contains a description of Hatha Yoga. James Mallinson calls the text's analysis of yoga "somewhat confused", noting that it splits Hatha Yoga into two types, namely Gorakhnath's and Markandeya's, and then equates Hatha Yoga with Gorakhnath's six limbs of yoga, which are asana, pranayama ...
The name Gorakshasana is given to a different balancing pose in B. K. S. Iyengar's 1966 Light on Yoga, where the legs are folded as in Padmasana with the knees only on the ground, the hips directly above the knees, and the hands in prayer position.
Siddhasana is one of the oldest asanas, being described as a meditation seat in the 10th century Goraksha Sataka 1.10-12. It states that along with lotus position, Siddhasana is the most important of the asanas (1.10), breaking open the door of liberation (1.11).
The two seated asanas mentioned in the Goraksha Sataka, Padmasana and Siddhasana, are used for meditation and for pranayama Further information: Hatha yoga The 10th–11th century Vimanarcanakalpa is the first manuscript to describe a non-seated asana, in the form of Mayurasana (peacock) – a balancing pose.
Hatha Yoga Pradipika 2.40–41, 2.77, translated by Mallinson & Singleton; As long as the breath is restrained in the body, the mind is calm. As long as the gaze is between the eyebrows there is no danger of death.
The Vivekamārtaṇḍa is the only text to use Viparītakaraṇī as a means of yogic withdrawal.Illustrated manuscript of the Joga Pradipika, 1830. Unlike Ashtanga, the eightfold yoga of Patanjali, the Vivekamārtaṇḍa describes a system of six limbs: asana (posture), breath-restraint (which it calls pranasamrodha), pratyahara (withdrawal), dharana (concentration), meditation, and samadhi ...