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Focal seizures (also called partial seizures [1] and localized seizures) are seizures that affect initially only one hemisphere of the brain. [2] [3] The brain is divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four lobes – the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. A focal seizure is generated in and affects just one part of the ...
About one-third of occipital seizures do not show any obvious changes. [5] An MRI would be performed to look at any lesions, damage, or abnormalities in the occipital region of a patient's brain. More specifically, a functional MRI, or fMRI, can detect changes in blood flow throughout the brain when specific parts of the brain are being used ...
The seizures can include sensory (visual, hearing, or smell), psychic, autonomic, and motor phenomena depending on which part of the brain is involved. [2] Muscle jerks may start in a specific muscle group and spread to surrounding muscle groups in which case it is known as a Jacksonian march. [29]
The amount of brain removed during the surgery depends on the extent of the brain involved in the seizures. It can range from just removing one lobe of the brain (temporal lobectomy) to disconnecting an entire side of the brain (hemispherectomy). [5] The procedure can be curative, where seizures are eliminated completely. [5]
On either side of the corpus callosum, the fibers radiate in the white matter and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobes constitute the forceps minor (also forceps anterior) and those curving backward from the splenium into the occipital lobes, the forceps major (also forceps ...
The activation in the brain during an aura can spread through multiple regions continuously or discontinuously, on the same side or to both sides. [7] Auras are particularly common in focal seizures. If the motor cortex is involved in the overstimulation of neurons, motor auras can result. Likewise, somatosensory auras (such as tingling ...
An MRI image of a brain with an invasive, multilocular tumor in the left frontal lobe of the brain. The origins of frontal lobe seizures can be different deviations. [8] One of the major reasons for FLE is abnormal cognitive development or sometimes congenital abnormal brain development. [8] Other causes are tumors, head trauma, and genetics. [9]
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent seizures; symptoms include a variety of sensory (visual, auditory, olfactory, and gustation) hallucinations, as well as an inability to process semantic and episodic memories. [24] Schizophrenia is a severe psychotic disorder characterized by severe ...