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Sundowning. Sundowning, or sundown syndrome, [ 1] is a neurological phenomenon associated with increased confusion and restlessness in people with delirium or some form of dementia. It is most commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease but is also found in those with other forms of dementia.
163 million (2017) [ 8] Major depressive disorder ( MDD ), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder [ 9] characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. Introduced by a group of US clinicians in the mid-1970s, [ 10] the term was adopted ...
Paraphrenia is often associated with a physical change in the brain, such as a tumor, stroke, ventricular enlargement, or neurodegenerative process. [4] Research that reviewed the relationship between organic brain lesions and the development of delusions suggested that "brain lesions which lead to subcortical dysfunction could produce delusions when elaborated by an intact cortex".
A major depressive episode ( MDE) is a period characterized by symptoms of major depressive disorder. Those affected primarily exhibit a depressive mood for at least two weeks or more, and a loss of interest or pleasure in everyday activities. Other symptoms can include feelings of emptiness, hopelessness, anxiety, worthlessness, guilt ...
Treatment. Counseling, antidepressant medication, electroconvulsive therapy. Melancholic depression, or depression with melancholic features, is a DSM-IV and DSM-5 specifier of depressive disorders. The specifier is used to distinguish clinically relevant subsets of causes and symptoms [ 1] that have the potential to influence treatment.
A factitious disorder is a mental disorder in which a person, without a malingering motive, acts as if they have an illness by deliberately producing, feigning, or exaggerating symptoms, purely to attain (for themselves or for another) a patient's role. People with a factitious disorder may produce symptoms by contaminating urine samples ...
A simple test for intellectual function, like the Folstein mini–mental state examination, is the minimum screen for dementia. The test requires 15–20 minutes to administer and is available in mental health centers. [8] Diagnosing alcohol-related dementia can be difficult due to the wide range of symptoms and a lack of specific brain ...
Seasonal affective disorder ( SAD) is a mood disorder subset in which people who typically have normal mental health throughout most of the year exhibit depressive symptoms at the same time each year. [ 1][ 2] It is commonly, but not always, associated with the reductions or increases in total daily sunlight hours that occur during the summer ...