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Where devices are vulnerable to reverse polarity of a signal or power supply, a diode may be used to protect the circuit. If connected in series with the circuit it simply prevents reversed current, but if connected in parallel it can shunt the reversed supply, causing a fuse or other current limiting circuit to open.
In a typical power supply/charger supplied with a laptop computer, average I CA is set at around 1.5 mA, including a 0.5 mA LED current and a 1 mA shunt current (2012 data). [7] Design of a robust, efficient and stable SMPS with a TL431 is a common but complex task. [34]
Reverse current is shown. Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. When connected in parallel with a variable voltage source so that it is reverse biased, a Zener diode conducts when the voltage reaches the diode's reverse breakdown voltage.
A shunt reactor is typically connected to an end of a long transmission line or a weak system to prevent overvoltage under light load (Ferranti effect); [10] passive sources of reactive power (e. g., shunt or series capacitors). shunt capacitors are used in power systems since the 1910s and are popular due to low cost and relative ease of ...
This is a switched-mode power supply with a similar circuit configuration to the boost converter and the buck converter. The output voltage is adjustable based on the duty cycle of the switching transistor. One possible drawback of this converter is that the switch does not have a terminal at ground; this complicates the driving circuitry.
A switched-mode power supply also exploits this effect, but the energy is not dissipated to heat and is instead used to pump a packet of additional charge into a capacitor, in order to supply power to a load. When the inductive load is a relay, the flyback diode can noticeably delay the release of the relay by keeping the coil current flowing ...
The VSC, a power electronic device, converts direct current (DC) power into alternating current (AC) power, enabling the injection of the desired voltage. By controlling the magnitude and phase angle of this injected voltage, the SSSC can effectively modify the line's impedance.
The shunt regulator works by providing a path from the supply voltage to ground through a variable resistance (the main transistor is in the "bottom half" of the voltage divider). The current through the shunt regulator is diverted away from the load and flows directly to ground, making this form usually less efficient than the series regulator.