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Mendelson's syndrome, named in 1946 for American obstetrician and cardiologist Curtis Lester Mendelson, is a form of chemical pneumonitis or aspiration pneumonitis caused by aspiration of stomach contents (principally gastric acid) during anaesthesia in childbirth.
Aspiration can result in patient death through a variety of mechanisms. It is important to recognize and diagnose early in order to improve patient outcomes. Death from aspiration and aspiration-related syndromes is most common in elderly patients with known baseline risk factors, though it frequently goes unrecognized. [18]
Also increased pneumonia risk exists in patients with esophageal dysphagia when compared to stroke patients because patients with stroke will improve as they recover from their acute injury, whereas esophageal dysphagia is likely to worsen with time. In one cohort of aspiration pneumonia patients, overall three-year mortality was 40%. [16]
The purpose of anesthesia can be distilled down to three basic goals or endpoints: [2]: 236 hypnosis (a temporary loss of consciousness and with it a loss of memory.In a pharmacological context, the word hypnosis usually has this technical meaning, in contrast to its more familiar lay or psychological meaning of an altered state of consciousness not necessarily caused by drugs—see hypnosis).
The use of TIVA is advantageous in cases where volatile anesthesia is of high risk or is impossible, such as cases involving morbidly obese patients. [11] [12] TIVA has also been used for anesthetic delivery at sites of trauma such as serious accidents, disasters and wars. [1] The overall goals of TIVA include: [13] Smooth induction of anesthesia
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control announced an increase in pediatric cases of “walking pneumonia” A spike happens “every couple of years,” Dr. Matthew Isaac Harris, pediatric emergency ...
It channels oxygen and inhalational anaesthetic to the lungs. It can be used during anaesthesia, or while a patient is unconscious. Laryngeal mask airways are designed to be an easy way to secure the airway and ventilate a patient – they are easier to place than tracheal intubation due to the lack of muscle relaxants and laryngoscopy.
CO 2 anesthesia was first demonstrated to the king of France in the early 1800s by Henry Hill Hickman. Initially CO 2 was thought to work through anoxia, but in the early 1900, increased CO 2 in the lung showed a dramatic increase oxygenation of the brain disproving the anoxia argument. [ 11 ]