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Normally, there is an expansion of space requirement in visual cryptography. But if one of the two shares is structured recursively, the efficiency of visual cryptography can be increased to 100%. [5] Some antecedents of visual cryptography are in patents from the 1960s. [6] [7] Other antecedents are in the work on perception and secure ...
Extendable-output function (XOF) is an extension [1] of the cryptographic hash that allows its output to be arbitrarily long. In particular, the sponge construction makes any sponge hash a natural XOF: the squeeze operation can be repeated, and the regular hash functions with a fixed-size result are obtained from a sponge mechanism by stopping the squeezing phase after obtaining the fixed ...
Main page; Contents; Current events ... share alike – If ... visual cryptography 3 choose 2: Image title: A visual cryptography method allowing any two ...
visual cryptography development: Image title: Creation of masks to let overlaying n transparencies A, B,… printed with black rectangles reveal a secret image by CMG Lee. n = 4 requires 16 (2⁴) sets of codes each with 8 (2⁴⁻¹) subpixels, which can be laid out as 3×3 with the extra bit always black. Width: 100%: Height: 100%
where denotes the bitwise exclusive or of the two function values. However, given only one of these two keys, the values of for that key should be indistinguishable from random. [1] It is known how to construct an efficient distributed point function from another cryptographic primitive, a one-way function.
visual cryptography stenography: Image title: Creation of masks to let overlaying transparencies A and B printed with black rectangles reveal a secret image by CMG Lee. Each corresponding pixel in the component images is randomly rotated to avoid orientation leaking information about the secret image. Width: 100%: Height: 100%
In [1] cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher).. Key length defines the upper-bound on an algorithm's security (i.e. a logarithmic measure of the fastest known attack against an algorithm), because the security of all algorithms can be violated by brute-force attacks.
Ascon-Xof extendable-output function; Ascon-80pq cipher with an "increased" 160-bit key. The main components have been borrowed from other designs: [4] substitution layer utilizes a modified S-box from the χ function of Keccak; permutation layer functions are similar to the of SHA-2.