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Euglena gracilis is a freshwater species of single-celled alga in the genus Euglena. It has secondary chloroplasts , and is a mixotroph able to feed by photosynthesis or phagocytosis . It has a highly flexible cell surface, allowing it to change shape from a thin cell up to 100 μm long to a sphere of approximately 20 μm.
Later, various biologists described additional characteristics for Euglena and established different classification systems for euglenids based on nutrition modes, the presence and number of flagella, and the degree of metaboly.
Euglena is a genus of single cell flagellate eukaryotes. It is the best known and most widely studied member of the class Euglenoidea , a diverse group containing some 54 genera and at least 200 species.
Examples range from the propulsion of single cells such as the swimming of spermatozoa to the transport of fluid along a stationary layer of cells such as in a respiratory tract. Though eukaryotic flagella and motile cilia are ultrastructurally identical, the beating pattern of the two organelles can be different.
Euglena viridis is a freshwater, single cell, mixotroph microalgae bearing a secondary chloroplast. [1] Their chloroplast is bounded by three layers of membrane without a nucleomorph . [ 2 ] Normally, it is 40–65 μm long, slightly bigger than other well-known Euglena species: Euglena gracilis .
Representative genera (examples) Description Discoba or JEH or Eozoa: Tsukubea: Tsukubamonas: Euglenozoa: Euglena, Trypanosoma: Many important parasites, one large group with plastids (chloroplasts) Heterolobosea (Percolozoa) Naegleria, Acrasis: Most alternate between flagellate and amoeboid forms Jakobea: Jakoba, Reclinomonas
Euglenales consists mostly of freshwater organisms, in contrast to its sister Eutreptiales which is generally marine. Cells have two flagella, but only one is emergent; the other is very short and does not emerge from the cell, so cells appear to have only one flagellum. [3]
Examples range from the propulsion of single cells such as the swimming of spermatozoa to the transport of fluid along a stationary layer of cells such as in a respiratory tract. Though eukaryotic flagella and motile cilia are ultrastructurally identical, the beating pattern of the two organelles can be different.