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Because resources for helping non-constituents are limited, an additional component of constituent service becomes directing citizens to their assigned representative in Congress. [53] An incumbent member of Congress has considerably more clout than most official ombudsmen at the state level, and in other countries, given the appointive and ...
[21] [22] Indeed, some academics consider free mailings as giving incumbents a big advantage over challengers. [23] [24] In 2008, rank and file members of Congress earned $169,300 annually. [25] Some critics complain congressional pay is high compared with a median American income of $45,113 for men and $35,102 for women. [26]
Congressional stagnation is an American political theory that attempts to explain the high rate of incumbency re-election to the United States House of Representatives. In recent years this rate has been well over 90 per cent, with rarely more than 5–10 incumbents losing their House seats every election cycle.
These congressional members support legislation that advances an interest group's agenda. [ 17 ] Occupying the third corner of the triangle are bureaucrats, who often are pressured by the same powerful interest groups their agency is designated to regulate, [ 18 ] and in some cases have close ties to the regulated industry.
Rule X, clause 5, stipulates: "At the beginning of a Congress, the Speaker or his designee and the Minority Leader or his designee each shall appoint 10 Members, Delegates, or Resident Commissioners from his respective party who are not members of the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct to be available to serve on investigative ...
A 2018 Oklahoma general election ballot, listing candidates for state and local offices, as well as those for U.S. Congress. Midterm elections in the United States are the general elections that are held near the midpoint of a president's four-year term of office, on Election Day on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
A Congressional power of enforcement is included in a number of amendments to the United States Constitution. The language " The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation " is used, with slight variations, in Amendments XIII , XIV , XV , XIX , XXIII , XXIV , and XXVI .
The U.S. Congress in relation to the president and Supreme Court has the role of chief legislative body of the United States. However, the Founding Fathers of the United States built a system in which three powerful branches of the government, using a series of checks and balances , could limit each other's power.