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The Great Pyramid of Giza, which was probably completed c. 2580 BC, is the oldest of the Giza pyramids and the largest pyramid in the world, and is the only surviving monument of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. [28] The pyramid of Khafre is believed to have been completed around 2532 BC, at the end of Khafre's reign. [29]
Many pyramids are in a poor state of preservation or buried by desert sands. If visible at all, they may appear as little more than mounds of rubble. As a consequence, archaeologists are continuing to identify and study previously unknown pyramid structures. The most recent pyramid to be discovered was that of Neith, a wife of Teti. [25]
In ancient Egyptian religion, the pylon mirrored the hieroglyph akhet 'horizon', which was a depiction of two hills "between which the sun rose and set". [2] Consequently, it played a critical role in the symbolic architecture of a building associated with the place of re-creation and rebirth.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 31 January 2025. Structure shaped as a geometric pyramid This article is about pyramid-shaped structures. For the geometric shape, see Pyramid (geometry). For other uses, see Pyramid (disambiguation). Pyramid of Khafre, Egypt, built c. 2600 BC A pyramid (from Ancient Greek πυραμίς (puramís ...
The Great Pyramid of Giza [a] is the largest Egyptian pyramid.It served as the tomb of pharaoh Khufu, who ruled during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom.Built c. 2600 BC, [3] over a period of about 26 years, [4] the pyramid is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only wonder that has remained largely intact.
A new study published in May 2024 mapped an extinct branch of the Nile, Ahramat Branch, which once flowed near Egypt's Great Pyramid and other Giza monuments. Using satellite imaging and sediment core analysis, researchers found the 64 kilometres (40 mi) waterway was crucial for transporting materials and labor for pyramid construction.
The Giza pyramid complex consists of the Great Pyramid (also known as the Pyramid of Cheops or Khufu and constructed c. 2580 – c. 2560 BC), the slightly smaller Pyramid of Khafre (or Chephren) a few hundred metres to the south-west, and the relatively modest-sized Pyramid of Menkaure (or Mykerinos) a few hundred metres farther south-west.
Reconstruction of the Old Kingdom pyramid temple of Djedkare Isesi, with causeway leading out to the valley temple. Twenty-fourth century BC. The expansion of funerary monuments began in the reign of Djoser, who built his complex entirely of stone and placed in the enclosure a step pyramid under which he was buried: the Pyramid of Djoser.