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The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire [2] or Bar Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling Adel Sultanate, Adal Sultanate) (Arabic: سلطنة عدل), was a medieval Sunni Muslim Empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. [3] It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. [4]
Dakkar (Harari: ደክከር Däkkär, Somali: Doggor), also known as Dakar, or Deker, was a historical Muslim town located in present-day eastern Ethiopia.It served as the first capital of the Adal Sultanate after its founding in the early 15th century by Sabr ad-Din III.
Up until the end of the sixteenth century, the rulers of Adal were in a raging conflict with the leaders of neighboring Christian state of Ethiopian Empire. [46] In the ensuing Oromo invasions, Adal split into two states, the Aussa Sultanate of Adal and Harar Emirate of Adal, the latter surviving up until the nineteenth century. [47] [48]
The Isaaq Kingdom (Somali: Boqortooyada Isaaq, Wadaad: بوقورْتويَدَ إساقْ, Arabic: المملكة الإسحاقية) was a Muslim Somali-Arabic kingdom that emerged after the fall of the Adal Sultanate between the 14th until it was overthrown by a coalition of Isaaq in the middle of the 18th century.
It was part of the Muslim empires in the Horn of Africa during the middle ages and served as the capital of the Adal Sultanate. It was also the burial place for many of the local leaders including the rulers of the Walashma dynasty that governed the Ifat and Adal Sultanate and kingdoms. Prior to that, it was a very important pre-Islamic center.
Emperor Na'od was extremely intimidated and his weakened leadership gave the Adal Sultanate legitimacy in the region in 1415, with its capital in Dakkar (in present-day Somaliland). [4] The Adal rise to power resulted in a series of conflicts with the Ethiopian Empire, and eventually the Ethiopian–Adal War in 1529.
Mahfuz (or Mohammed) (Harari: መሕፉዝ, Arabic: محفوظ, Portuguese: Mafudi, Somali: Maxfuud; died July 1517) was a Garad, Emir of Harar and Governor of Zeila in the Adal Sultanate. [2] Although he was originally only emir of a small region he would rise to become leader of Adal due to his popularity, wielding more power than the sultan ...
Badlay ibn Sa'ad ad-Din II (Arabic: بادلاي بن سعد الدين) (also known as Sihab ad-Din Ahmad Badlay, [1] [2] Arwe Badlay – "Badlay the Beast" (died 25 December 1445) was a Sultan of the Sultanate of Adal and a son of Sa'ad ad-Din II. Brought numerous Christian lands under Muslim rule and contributed to expanding Adal's reach and ...