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The historical Western roots of positive psychology are found in the teachings of Aristotle, whose Nicomachean Ethics is a description of the theory and practice of human flourishing—which he referred to as eudaimonia (a Greek word literally translating to the state or condition of good spirit, and which is commonly translated as happiness or ...
Cognitive flexibility [note 1] is an intrinsic property of a cognitive system often associated with the mental ability to adjust its activity and content, switch between different task rules and corresponding behavioral responses, maintain multiple concepts simultaneously and shift internal attention between them. [1]
The term "soft skills" was created by the U.S. Army in the late 1960s. It refers to any skill that does not employ the use of machinery. The military realized that many important activities were included within this category, and in fact, the social skills necessary to lead groups, motivate soldiers, and win wars were encompassed by skills they had not yet catalogued or fully studied.
The construct of self-esteem has been shown to be a desirable one in psychology, as it is associated with a variety of positive outcomes, such as academic achievement, [3] [4] relationship satisfaction, [5] happiness, [6] and lower rates of criminal behavior.
Self-enhancement is a type of motivation that works to make people feel good about themselves and to maintain self-esteem. [1] This motive becomes especially prominent in situations of threat, failure or blows to one's self-esteem. [2] [3] [4] Self-enhancement involves a preference for positive over negative self-views. [5]
Concentrating on a task, one aspect of flow. Flow in positive psychology, also known colloquially as being in the zone or locked in, is the mental state in which a person performing some activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity.
Positive illusions are a form of self-deception or self-enhancement that feel good, maintain self-esteem, or avoid discomfort, at least in the short term. There are three general forms: inflated assessment of one's own abilities , unrealistic optimism about the future, and an illusion of control . [ 1 ]
Positive affectivity (PA) is a human characteristic that describes how much people experience positive affects (sensations, emotions, sentiments); and as a consequence how they interact with others and with their surroundings.