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Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), also known as consumer packaged goods (CPG) [1] or convenience goods, are products that are sold quickly and at a relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods , beverages , toiletries , candies , cosmetics , over-the-counter drugs , dry goods , and other consumables .
Search goods are more subject to substitution and price competition, as consumers can easily verify the price of the product and alternatives at other outlets and make sure that the products are comparable. Branding and detailed product specifications act to transform a product from an experience good into a search good.
Convenience foods have also been described as foods that have been created to "make them more appealing to the consumer." [4] Convenience foods and restaurants are similar in that they save time. [5] They differ in that restaurant food is ready to eat, whilst convenience food usually requires rudimentary preparation.
[1] [2] Goods can be contrasted with bads, i.e. things that provide negative value for users, like chores or waste. A bad lowers a consumer's overall welfare. [3] Economics focuses on the study of economic goods, i.e. goods that are scarce; in other words, producing the good
Goods can be returned while a service, once delivered cannot. [4] Goods are not always tangible and may be virtual e.g. a book may be paper or electronic. Marketing theory makes use of the service-goods continuum as an important concept [5] which "enables marketers to see the relative goods/services composition of total products". [6]
In economics, inferior goods are those goods the demand for which falls with increase in income of the consumer. So, there is an inverse relationship between income of the consumer and the demand for inferior goods. [1] There are many examples of inferior goods, including cheap cars, public transit options, payday lending, and
The theory of consumer choice is the branch of microeconomics that relates preferences to consumption expenditures and to consumer demand curves.It analyzes how consumers maximize the desirability of their consumption (as measured by their preferences subject to limitations on their expenditures), by maximizing utility subject to a consumer budget constraint. [1]
In microeconomics and consumer theory, a Giffen good is a product that people consume more of as the price rises and vice versa, violating the law of demand. For ordinary goods , as the price of the good rises, the substitution effect makes consumers purchase less of it, and more of substitute goods ; the income effect can either reinforce or ...