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A meantone temperament is a regular temperament, distinguished by the fact that the correction factor to the Pythagorean perfect fifths, given usually as a specific fraction of the syntonic comma, is chosen to make the whole tone intervals equal, as closely as possible, to the geometric mean of the major tone and the minor tone. Historically ...
Kirnberger II temperament. Kirnberger's first method of compensating for and closing the circle of fifths was to split the "wolf" interval, known to those who have used meantone temperaments, in half between two different fifths. That is, to compensate for the one extra comma, he removed half a comma from two of the formerly perfect fifths in ...
The following is a list of intervals of extended meantone temperament.These intervals constitute the standard vocabulary of intervals for the Western common practice era. . Here 12 EDO refers to the size of the interval in the temperament with 12 equal divisions of the octave, which is the most common meantone temperament in the modern era, 19 EDO to 19 equal temperament, 31 EDO to 31 equal ...
In a meantone temperament, each fifth is narrowed ("tempered") by the same small amount. The most common of meantone temperaments is the quarter-comma meantone , in which each fifth is tempered by 1 ⁄ 4 of the syntonic comma, so that after four steps the major third (as C-G-D-A-E) is a full syntonic comma lower than the Pythagorean one.
12-tone Pythagorean temperament is based on a sequence of perfect fifths, each tuned in the ratio 3:2, the next simplest ratio after 2:1 (the octave). Starting from D for example (D-based tuning), six other notes are produced by moving six times a ratio 3:2 up, and the remaining ones by moving the same ratio down:
The temperament commonly known as "Werckmeister III" is referred to in this article as "Werckmeister I (III)". [ 4 ] The tunings I (III), II (IV) and III (V) were presented graphically by a cycle of fifths and a list of major thirds , giving the temperament of each in fractions of a comma .
In this sense, "just intonation" is differentiated from equal temperaments and the "tempered" tunings of the early renaissance and baroque, such as Well temperament, or Meantone temperament. Since 5-limit has been the most prevalent just intonation used in western music, western musicians have subsequently tended to consider this scale to be ...
In meantone temperament, this effect is even more pronounced (the fifth over the break in the circle is known as the Wolf interval, as its intense beating was likened to a "howling"). 53 equal temperament provides an extension of Pythagorean tuning, and 31 equal temperament is used nowadays to extend quarter-comma meantone.