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AP chest x-rays are harder to read than PA x-rays and are therefore generally reserved for situations where it is difficult for the patient to get an ordinary chest x-ray, such as when the patient is bedridden. In this situation, mobile X-ray equipment is used to obtain a lying down chest x-ray (known as a "supine film").
Chest X-ray: X-ray images help to visualize the condition of the lungs and heart. If the heart is enlarged on an X-ray, other tests will usually be needed to find the cause. A useful measurement on X-ray is the cardio-thoracic ratio, which is the transverse diameter of the heart, compared with that of the thoracic cage. [24]
Diagnosis of a lung cavity is made with a chest X-ray or CT scan of the chest, [2] which helps to exclude mimics like lung cysts, emphysema, bullae, and cystic bronchiectasis. [5] Once an imaging diagnosis has been made, a person’s symptoms can be used to further narrow the differential diagnosis.
An enlarged heart can be seen at echocardiography or sometimes on a chest X-ray. Similarities at presentation between athlete's heart and clinically relevant cardiac problems may prompt electrocardiography (ECG) and exercise cardiac stress tests. The ECG can detect sinus bradycardia, a resting heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute.
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Typically, an area of white lung is seen on a standard X-ray. [5] Consolidated tissue is more radio-opaque than normally aerated lung parenchyma, so that it is clearly demonstrable in radiography and on CT scans. Consolidation is often a middle-to-late stage feature/complication in pulmonary infections.
Chest x-ray demonstrating severe atelectasis or collapse of the right lung and mediastinal shift towards the right. Atelectasis is the partial collapse of a lung that is reversible. There are numerous etiologies, including post-operative atelectasis, surfactant deficiency, mucus plugging, and foreign body aspiration.
Initial tests include electrocardiography (ECG) and chest x-ray. Chest x-ray: is non-specific and may not help identify a pericardial effusion but a very large, chronic effusion can present as "water-bottle sign" on an x-ray, which occurs when the cardiopericardial silhouette is enlarged and assumes the shape of a flask or water bottle. [2]