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Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. [1] [2] It is distinguished from other ways of addressing fundamental questions (such as mysticism, myth) by being critical and generally systematic and by its reliance on rational argument. [3]
Chicago school (mathematical analysis) Christian humanism; The Circle of Reason (society) Cognitive revolution; Collège international de philosophie; Continental philosophy; Cosmopolitanism; Critical theory
The Renaissance period started in the 14th century and saw a renewed interest in schools of ancient philosophy, in particular Platonism. Humanism also emerged in this period. [48] The modern period started in the 17th century. One of its central concerns was how philosophical and scientific knowledge are created.
Of the Milesian school. Believed that all was made of air. Pythagoras of Samos (c. 580 – c. 500 BC). Of the Ionian School. Believed the deepest reality to be composed of numbers, and that souls are immortal. Xenophanes of Colophon (c. 570 – 480 BC). Advocated monotheism. Sometimes associated with the Eleatic school.
The history of philosophy is the field of inquiry that studies the historical development of philosophical thought. It aims to provide a systematic and chronological exposition of philosophical concepts and doctrines, as well as the philosophers who conceived them and the schools of thought to which they belong.
The Hundred Schools of Thought were philosophies and schools that flourished during the late Spring and Autumn period [1] and Warring States period (c. 500 – 221 BC). [2] The term was not used to describe these different philosophies until Confucianism , Mohism , and Legalism were created. [ 3 ]
A school of thought, or intellectual tradition, is the perspective of a group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or outlook of a philosophy, [1] discipline, belief, social movement, economics, cultural movement, or art movement.