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  2. Nitric oxide synthase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide_synthase

    Nitric oxide synthases (EC 1.14.13.39) (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. NO is an important cellular signaling molecule. It helps modulate vascular tone , insulin secretion, airway tone, and peristalsis , and is involved in angiogenesis and neural development.

  3. Biological functions of nitric oxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_functions_of...

    Nitric oxide sensing in plants is mediated by the N-end rule of proteolysis [61] [62] and controls abiotic stress responses such as flooding-induced hypoxia, [63] salt and drought stress. [64] [65] [66] Nitric oxide interactions have been found within signaling pathways of plant hormones such as auxin, [67] ethylene, [63] [68] [69] Abscisic ...

  4. Retrograde signaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrograde_signaling

    A flurry of work in the early 1990s to demonstrate the existence of a retrograde messenger and to determine its identity generated a list of candidates including carbon monoxide, [40] platelet-activating factor, [41] [42] arachidonic acid, [43] and nitric oxide. Nitric oxide has received a great deal of attention in the past, but has recently ...

  5. Endothelial activation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endothelial_activation

    The synthesis of nitric oxide facilitate shear stress mediated dilation in blood vessels and maintains a homeostatic status. [6] Additionally, physiologic shear stress levels at the vessel wall upregulate the presence of antithrombotic agents through the mechano-signal transduction of mechano-recepting transmembrane proteins, junctional ...

  6. Gaseous signaling molecules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseous_signaling_molecules

    Gaseous signaling molecules are gaseous molecules that are either synthesized internally (endogenously) in the organism, tissue or cell or are received by the organism, tissue or cell from outside (say, from the atmosphere or hydrosphere, as in the case of oxygen) and that are used to transmit chemical signals which induce certain physiological or biochemical changes in the organism, tissue or ...

  7. Biochemical cascade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_cascade

    The basic unit of the Reactome database is a reaction; reactions are then grouped into causal chains to form pathways [115] The Reactome data model allows us to represent many diverse processes in the human system, including the pathways of intermediary metabolism, regulatory pathways, and signal transduction, and high-level processes, such as ...

  8. S-Nitrosylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-Nitrosylation

    In biochemistry, S-nitrosylation is the covalent attachment of a nitric oxide group (−NO) to a cysteine thiol within a protein to form an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). S-Nitrosylation has diverse regulatory roles in bacteria, yeast and plants and in all mammalian cells. [1]

  9. Signal transduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_transduction

    The changes elicited by ligand binding (or signal sensing) in a receptor give rise to a biochemical cascade, which is a chain of biochemical events known as a signaling pathway. When signaling pathways interact with one another they form networks, which allow cellular responses to be coordinated, often by combinatorial signaling events. [2]

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