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India imported 215.25 million metric tons (237.27 million short tons) and exported 2.95 million metric tons (3.25 million short tons) of coal in 2020–21. Net imports of coal declined by 13.39% over the previous fiscal. India's net imports of coal grew at a compound annual growth rate of 8.62% over the last 10 years. [21]
India is the second biggest oil importer after China and is highly dependent on imported crude oil. [1] The net imports of crude oil rose from 171.73 Mt during 2011–12 to 226.95 Mt during 2020–21. The net imports of natural gas increased from 18 BCM in 2011–12 to 32.86 BCM in 2020–21, recording a CAGR of 9.44%.
[61] [62] In India, coal is the bulk primary energy contributor with 56.90% share equivalent to 452.2 Mtoe in 2018. [8] India is the second largest producer of coal in 2023. [63] India is also the second-largest importer of coal 141.7 Mtoe in 2018 and the second-largest consumer of coal with 452.2 Mtoe in 2018. [8]
Coal India Limited (CIL) is an Indian public sector undertaking and the largest government-owned coal producer in the world. [4] [5] [6] Headquartered in Kolkata, it is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Coal, Government of India. [2] It accounts for around 82% of the total coal production in India. [7]
The largest consumer and importer of coal is China. China mines almost half the world's coal, followed by India with about a tenth. Australia accounts for about a third of world coal exports, followed by Indonesia and Russia. [5] Coal is largely held in the Earth in areas that it needs to be mined from, and is generally present in coal seams.
[12] [13] India was the fourth top coal producer in 2017 with 294.2 Mtons (7.8% global share). [7] Nearly 80% of total electricity generated (utility and captive) in India is from coal and it is the main source of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions. According to Greenpeace the largest coal belt in India is at Jharia. Before coal mining ...
India is the second biggest oil importer after China and is highly dependent on imported crude oil. [27] The net imports of crude oil rose from 171.73 Mt during 2011–12 to 226.95 Mt during 2020–21. The net imports of natural gas increased from 18 BCM in 2011–12 to 32.86 BCM in 2020–21, recording a CAGR of 9.44%.
For utility power generation, India consumed 622.22 million tons of coal during 2019–20 which is less by 1% compared to 628.94 million tons during 2018–19. However coal imports for utility power generation increased by 12.3% during year 2019–20 at 69.22 million tons from 61.66 million tons during 2018–19. [100]