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Patients can develop two clinical phases: an acute septic phase and a chronic eruptive phase associated with skin lesions. [3] In the acute phase (also known as Oroya fever or fiebre de la Oroya), B. bacilliformis infection is a sudden, potentially life-threatening infection associated with high fever and decreased levels of circulating red blood cells (i.e., hemolytic anemia) and transient ...
Bartonella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. [2] [3] Facultative intracellular parasites, Bartonella species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunistic pathogens. [4] Bartonella species are transmitted by vectors such as fleas, sand flies, and ...
The disease usually resolves spontaneously, with or without treatment, in one month. In rare situations, CSD can lead to the development of serious neurologic or cardiac sequelae such as meningoencephalitis, encephalopathy, seizures, or endocarditis. [4] Endocarditis associated with Bartonella infection has a particularly high mortality. [5]
Bartonella henselae, formerly Rochalimæa henselae, is a bacterium that is the causative agent of cat-scratch disease [1] (bartonellosis). Bartonella henselae is a member of the genus Bartonella, one of the most common types of bacteria in the world. [specify] It is a facultative intracellular microbe that targets red blood cells.
Because Carrion's disease is often comorbid with Salmonella infections, chloramphenicol has historically been the treatment of choice. [5] Fluoroquinolones (such as ciprofloxacin) or chloramphenicol in adults and chloramphenicol plus beta-lactams in children are the antibiotic regimens of choice during the acute phase of Carrion's disease. [5]
Bartonella bacilliformis is the etiologic agent of Carrion's disease or Oroya fever (acute phase of infection), and verruga peruana or Peruvian wart (chronic phase of infection). The acute phase of the disease is a life-threatening disease characterized by massive invasion of Bartonella to human red blood cells and consequently acute hemolysis ...
B. elizabethae, like other rodent-borne Bartonella species, represents an emerging public health threat, especially in urban areas where rats are endemic. [4] Humans are an incidental host for the pathogen — direct transmission from dogs to humans is not well attested, and most human cases are contracted from ticks serving as a vector. [4]
If a cat is carrying Bartonella henselae, then it may not exhibit any symptoms. Cats may be bacteremic for weeks to years, but infection is more common in young cats. Transmission to humans is thought to occur via flea feces inoculated into a cat scratch or bite, and transmission between cats occurs only in the presence of fleas.