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Atmospheric Rossby waves on Earth are giant meanders in high-altitude winds that have a major influence on weather. These waves are associated with pressure systems and the jet stream (especially around the polar vortices). [2] Oceanic Rossby waves move along the thermocline: the boundary between the warm upper layer and the cold deeper part of ...
Topographic Rossby waves are one of two types of geophysical waves named after the meteorologist Carl-Gustaf Rossby. The other type of Rossby waves are called planetary Rossby waves and have a different physical origin. Planetary Rossby waves form due to the changing Coriolis parameter over the earth. Rossby waves are quasi-geostrophic ...
Each large meander, or wave, within the jet stream is known as a Rossby wave (planetary wave). Rossby waves are caused by changes in the Coriolis effect with latitude. [26] Shortwave troughs, are smaller scale waves superimposed on the Rossby waves, with a scale of 1,000 to 4,000 kilometres (600–2,500 mi) long, [27] that move along through ...
In the vortex Rossby wave hypothesis, the waves travel radially outward from the inner vortex. The waves amplify angular momentum at a radius that is dependent on the radial velocity matching that of the outside flow. At this point, the two are phase-locked and allow the coalescence of the waves to form a secondary eyewall. [14] [25]
The outflow of air mass from the cell creates harmonic waves in the atmosphere known as Rossby waves. These ultra-long waves determine the path of the polar jet stream, which travels within the transitional zone between the tropopause and the Ferrel cell. By acting as a heat sink, the polar cell moves the abundant heat from the equator toward ...
The Rossby waves associated with positive PNA tend to track eastward and undergo cyclonic wavebreaking, while those associated with negative PNA tend to track equatorward towards the subtropics and break anticyclonically; the wavebreaking behavior of the Rossby waves is determined by the meridional gradient of potential vorticity and the ...
This wave forcing of the flow is particularly important in the stratosphere, where this momentum deposition by planetary-scale Rossby waves gives rise to sudden stratospheric warmings and the deposition by gravity waves gives rise to the quasi-biennial oscillation. In the mathematical description of atmospheric waves, spherical harmonics are
The first is in the area on the east side of upper troughs, which form half of a Rossby wave within the Westerlies (a trough with large wavelength that extends through the troposphere). A second is an area where wind divergence aloft occurs ahead of embedded shortwave troughs, which are of smaller wavelength.