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The hindbrain, rhombencephalon (shaped like a rhombus) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. It includes the medulla , pons , and cerebellum . Together they support vital bodily processes.
Embryonic vertebrate subdivisions of the developing human brain hindbrain or rhombencephalon is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. It includes the medulla , pons , and cerebellum .
Vesicles of the forebrain (prosencephalon), the midbrain (mesencephalon), and hindbrain (rhombencephalon) are the three primary brain vesicles during the early development of the nervous system. At the five-vesicle stage, the forebrain separates into the diencephalon ( thalamus , hypothalamus , subthalamus , and epithalamus ) and the ...
In the vertebrate embryo, a rhombomere is a transiently divided segment of the developing neural tube, within the hindbrain region (a neuromere) in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon. The rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure.
These brain vesicles further divide into subregions. The prosencephalon gives rise to the telencephalon and diencephalon, and the rhombencephalon generates the metencephalon and myelencephalon. The hindbrain, which is the evolutionarily most ancient part of the chordate brain, also divides into different segments called rhombomeres.
These develop into five secondary brain vesicles – the prosencephalon is subdivided into the telencephalon and diencephalon, and the rhombencephalon into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] During these early vesicle stages, the walls of the neural tube contain neural stem cells in a region called the neuroepithelium or ...
Above the mesencephalon is the prosencephalon (future forebrain) and beneath it is the rhombencephalon (future hindbrain). The alar plate of the prosencephalon expands to form the telencephalon which gives rise to the cerebral hemispheres, whilst its basal plate becomes the diencephalon.
There are three classes of neuromeres in the central nervous system – prosomeres (for the prosencephalon), mesomeres (for the mesencephalon) and rhombomeres (for the rhombencephalon) that will develop the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain respectively. [1]