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There are three structural isomers: 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (the ortho isomer) is commonly known as catechol, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (the meta isomer) is commonly known as resorcinol, and 1,4-dihydroxybenzene (the para isomer) is commonly known as hydroquinone. [1]
Catechol (/ ˈ k æ t ɪ tʃ ɒ l / or / ˈ k æ t ɪ k ɒ l /), also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 4 (OH) 2. It is the ortho isomer of the three isomeric benzenediols. This colorless compound occurs naturally in trace amounts.
Care must be taken to avoid cocrystallisation of the ortho isomer. [2] Many nitro compounds' ortho and para isomers have quite different boiling points. These isomers can often be separated by distillation. These separated isomers can be converted to diazonium salts and used to prepare other pure ortho or para compounds. [3]
Resorcinol (or resorcin) is a phenolic compound.It is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 4 (OH) 2.It is one of three isomeric benzenediols, the 1,3-isomer (or meta-isomer).
2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid is a natural phenol found in Phyllanthus acidus [2] and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta. [3] It is also abundant in the fruits of Flacourtia inermis.
Dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBA) are a type of phenolic acids.. There are six main compounds, having all the same molecular formula C 7 H 6 O 4.Those are: 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (2-Pyrocatechuic acid or hypogallic acid)
It is one of three hydroxybenzoquinone isomers and one of the simplest hydroxyquinones. The compound is often called 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone, but the "2-" prefix is superfluous since there is no other hydroxy derivative of 1,4-benzoquinone. The IUPAC name is 2-hydroxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione.
In its chemical structure, a molecule of cresol has a methyl group substituted onto the ring of phenol. There are three forms of cresol: ortho-cresol (o-cresol), meta-cresol (m-cresol), and para-cresol (p-cresol).