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Active Directory (AD) is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. Windows Server operating systems include it as a set of processes and services . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Originally, only centralized domain management used Active Directory.
In a Windows domain, the directory resides on computers that are configured as domain controllers. A domain controller is a Windows or Samba server that manages all security-related aspects between user and domain interactions, centralizing security and administration. A domain controller is generally suitable for networks with more than 10 PCs ...
The software and operating system used to run a domain controller usually consists of several key components shared across platforms.This includes the operating system (usually Windows Server or Linux), an LDAP service (Red Hat Directory Server, etc.), a network time service (ntpd, chrony, etc.), and a computer network authentication protocol (usually Kerberos). [4]
When a server running NPS is a member of an Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) domain, NPS uses the directory service as its user account database and is part of a single sign-on solution. The same set of credentials is used for network access control (authenticating and authorizing access to a network) and to log on to an AD DS domain. [3]
In ADFS, identity federation [4] is established between two organizations by establishing trust between two security realms. A federation server on one side (the accounts side) authenticates the user through the standard means in Active Directory Domain Services and then issues a token containing a series of claims about the user, including their identity.
On Microsoft Servers, a domain controller (DC) is a server computer [1] [2] that responds to security authentication requests (logging in, etc.) within a Windows domain. [3] [4] A domain is a concept introduced in Windows NT whereby a user may be granted access to a number of computer resources with the use of a single username and password combination.
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By default, the Active Directory Domain Service contains the following naming contexts: Schema NC: stores schema information that is replicated to domain controllers in all domains of the forest. Configuration NC: stores topology and other configuration data information that is replicated to domain controllers in all domains of the forest.