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The general definition of a qubit as the quantum state of a two-level quantum system.In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device.
A physical qubit is a physical device that behaves as a two-state quantum system, used as a component of a computer system. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A logical qubit is a physical or abstract qubit that performs as specified in a quantum algorithm or quantum circuit [ 3 ] subject to unitary transformations , has a long enough coherence time to be usable by ...
Yoshihisa Yamamoto and K. Igeta propose the first physical realization of a quantum computer, including Feynman's CNOT gate. [17] Their approach uses atoms and photons and is the progenitor of modern quantum computing and networking protocols using photons to transmit qubits and atoms to perform two-qubit operations.
This list contains quantum processors, also known as quantum processing units (QPUs).Some devices listed below have only been announced at press conferences so far, with no actual demonstrations or scientific publications characterizing the performance.
In August 2022, Baidu released its plans to build a fully integrated top to bottom quantum computer which incorporated superconducting qubits. This computer will be all encompassing with hardware, software and applications fully integrated. This is a first in the world of quantum computing and will lead to ground-breaking advancements. [60]
Computer engineers typically describe a modern computer's operation in terms of classical electrodynamics.Within these "classical" computers, some components (such as semiconductors and random number generators) may rely on quantum behavior, but these components are not isolated from their environment, so any quantum information quickly decoheres.
The D-Wave One was built on early prototypes such as D-Wave's Orion Quantum Computer. The prototype was a 16-qubit quantum annealing processor, demonstrated on February 13, 2007, at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California. [15] D-Wave demonstrated what they claimed to be a 28-qubit quantum annealing processor on November 12 ...
In any quantum computer the decoherence of the qubit wavefunction, due to energy relaxation or dephasing effects, must be limited to a suitably low rate. For electron-on-helium qubits, deformations of the helium surface due to surface or bulk excitations (ripplons or phonons) modify the image charge potential and distort the electron wavefunction.