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  2. Impartiality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impartiality

    Impartiality (also called evenhandedness or fair-mindedness) is a principle of justice holding that decisions should be based on objective criteria, rather than on the basis of bias, prejudice, or preferring the benefit to one person over another for improper reasons.

  3. Recusal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recusal

    Recusal laws and guidelines are established in various legal systems worldwide, including the United States, where they are regarded as cornerstones of judicial impartiality. [2] [3] The concept of recusal dates back to ancient legal systems and has evolved to address contemporary ethical standards and legal complexities. [4]

  4. Natural justice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_justice

    This principle embodies the basic concept of impartiality, [11] and applies to courts of law, tribunals, arbitrators and all those having the duty to act judicially. [12] A public authority has a duty to act judicially whenever it makes decisions that affect people's rights or interests, and not only when it applies some judicial-type procedure ...

  5. Judicial misconduct - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_misconduct

    Judicial misconduct occurs when a judge acts in ways that are considered unethical or otherwise violate the judge's obligations of impartial conduct.. Actions that can be classified as judicial misconduct include: conduct prejudicial to the effective and expeditious administration of the business of the courts (as an extreme example: "falsification of facts" at summary judgment); using the ...

  6. Adversarial system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adversarial_system

    Judges in an adversarial system are impartial in ensuring the fair play of due process, or fundamental justice.Such judges decide, often when called upon by counsel rather than of their own motion, what evidence is to be admitted when there is a dispute; though in some common law jurisdictions judges play more of a role in deciding what evidence to admit into the record or reject.

  7. Right to a fair trial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_a_fair_trial

    A fair trial is a trial which is "conducted fairly, justly, and with procedural regularity by an impartial judge". [1] Various rights associated with a fair trial are explicitly proclaimed in Article 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, and Article 6 of the European Convention of Human ...

  8. Voir dire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voir_dire

    Voir dire (/ ˈ v w ɑːr d ɪər /; often / v ɔɪ r d aɪər /; from an Anglo-Norman term in common law meaning "to speak the truth") is a legal term for procedures during a trial that help a judge decide certain issues: Prospective jurors are questioned to decide whether they can be fair and impartial.

  9. Judicial immunity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_immunity

    Judicial immunity is a form of sovereign immunity, which protects judges and others employed by the judiciary from liability resulting from their judicial actions. [1] It is intended to ensure that judges can make decisions free from improper influence exercised on them, contributing to the impartiality of the judiciary and the rule of law. [2]