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The organizational configurations framework of Mintzberg is a model that describes six valid organizational configurations (originally only five; the sixth one was added later): [8] Simple structure, characteristic of entrepreneurial organization; Machine bureaucracy; Professional bureaucracy; Diversified form; Adhocracy, or innovative organization
For Henry Mintzberg, an adhocracy is a complex and dynamic organizational form. [6] It is different from bureaucracy; like Toffler, Mintzberg considers bureaucracy a thing of the past, and adhocracy one of the future. [7] When done well, adhocracy can be very good at problem solving and innovation [7] and thrive in diverse environments. [6]
Examples of such organisation can be advertising agency or firm that develops the prototypes of products. [47] Administrative adhocracy has teams solving problems for the organization itself. [47] As an example of such organization Mintzberg gives NASA when it worked on Apollo program. [47]
Diagram, proposed by Henry Mintzberg, showing the main parts of organisation, including technostructure. Technostructure is the group of technicians, analysts within an organisation (enterprise, administrative body) with considerable influence and control on its economy.
The systems framework is also fundamental to organizational theory. Organizations are complex, goal-oriented entities. [67] Alexander Bogdanov, an early thinker in the field, developed his tectology, a theory widely considered a precursor of Bertalanffy's general systems theory. One of the aims of general systems theory was to model human ...
The theories of organizations include bureaucracy, rationalization (scientific management), and the division of labor. Each theory provides distinct advantages and disadvantages when applied. The classical perspective emerges from the Industrial Revolution in the private sector and the need for improved public administration in the public sector.
A contingency theory is an organizational theory that claims that there is no best way to organize a corporation, to lead a company, or to make decisions.Instead, the optimal course of action is contingent (dependent) upon the internal and external situation.
The following theories stress using different styles of leadership appropriate to the needs created by different organizational situations. Some of these theories are: The contingency theory : The contingency model theory, developed by Fred Fiedler , explains that group performance is a result of interaction between the style of the leader and ...