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Gender roles in Islam are based on scriptures, cultural traditions, and jurisprudence. The Quran, the holy book of Islam, indicates that both men and women are spiritually equal. The Quran states: "Those who do good, whether male or female, and have faith will enter Paradise and will never be wronged; even as much as the speck on a date stone." [1]
Other than applicable laws to Muslim women, there is gender-based variation in the process of testimony and acceptable forms of evidence in legal matters. [193] [194] Some Islamic jurists have held that certain types of testimony by women may not be accepted. In other cases, the testimony of two women equals that of one man. [193] [194]
Terms associated with right-doing in Islam include: Akhlaq (Arabic: أخلاق) is the practice of virtue, morality and manners in Islamic theology and falsafah ().The science of ethics (`Ilm al-Akhlaq) teaches that through practice and conscious effort man can surpass their natural dispositions and natural state to become more ethical and well mannered.
In the Sahih Muslim Hadith, the Prophet Muhammad is reported to have said: “You will not enter paradise until you believe, and you will not believe until you love to the other muslim what you love to your self.” Muslims are directed by Allah ('God') in the ways to become close to Him and how to gain His love. God loves those who: do good.
Indeed, Muslim scholars and leaders have long been doing what I call "the 4:34 dance" -- they reject outright violence against women but accept a level of aggression that fits contemporary definitions of domestic violence. [3] Feminist writer Amina Wadud writes in her book, ''Inside the Gender Jihad: Women's Reform in Islam'': [1]
Nine Parts of Desire: The Hidden World of Islamic Women (1994) is a non-fiction book by Australian journalist Geraldine Brooks, based on her experiences among Muslim women of the Middle East. It was an international bestseller, translated into 17 languages.
Most of the women in the Quran are represented as either mothers or wives of leaders or prophets. They retained a certain amount of autonomy from men in some respects; for example, the Quran describes women who converted to Islam before their husbands or women who took an independent oath of allegiance to Muhammad. [1]
Other Islamic feminists, particularly some in Muslim minority contexts which are democratic states, argue that MPL should not be reformed but should be rejected and that Muslim women should seek redress, instead, from the civil laws of those states. Islamic feminists have been active in advocating for women's rights in the Islamic world.