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The full genetic basis of hair color is complex and not fully understood. [1] Regulatory DNA is believed to be closely involved in pigmentation in humans in general, [2] and a 2011 study by Branicki et al. identified 13 DNA variations across 11 different genes that could be used to predict hair color.
Blond hair is controlled by an allele that is recessive to most alleles responsible for darker hair, [1] but it is not a disappearing gene.. The "disappearing blonde gene" refers to a hoax that emerged in parts of the Western world in the early 2000s, claiming that a scientific study had estimated that blonds would become extinct within the next two centuries.
Mutations in the mouse Tyrp1 gene are associated with brown pelage and in the human TYRP1 gene with oculocutaneous albinism type 3 (OCA3). [9] An allele of TYRP1 common in Solomon Islanders results in blond hair. Although the phenotype is similar to Northern European blond hair, this allele is not found in Europeans.
Due to a genetic mutation, a human was born with a tiny switch right before the OCA2 gene, that limits the expression of the melanin -- kind of like diluting the stream of the protein ...
Blond (MASC) or blonde (FEM), also referred to as fair hair, is a human hair color characterized by low levels of eumelanin, the dark pigment. The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some yellowish color.
Human hair. Stoneking has also pioneered the genetic basis of different hair colours and baldness in men. His team had found that human androgen receptor gene is the major factor associated with baldness in men. [8] They also identified tyrosinase-related protein 1 as a major determinant of blond hair among the Melanesians of Solomon Islands. [9]
Genes which control hair colour are polymorphic. A gene is said to be polymorphic if more than one allele occupies that gene's locus within a population. [1] In addition to having more than one allele at a specific locus, each allele must also occur in the population at a rate of at least 1% to generally be considered polymorphic. [2]
Genetic variation Genetic variation of Eurasian populations showing different frequency of West- and East-Eurasian components. [56] It is commonly assumed that early humans left Africa, and thus must have passed through a population bottleneck before their African-Eurasian divergence around 100,000 years ago (ca. 3,000 generations).